# 24. 自定义事件
一种组件间通信的方式,适用于:
子组件 = = > 父组件使用场景:A是父组件,B是子组件,B想给A传数据,那么要在A中给B绑定自定义事件(事件的回调 A 中)
绑定自定义事件:
第一种方式,在父组件中:
<Demo @atguigu="test"/>或<Demo v-on:atguigu="test"/>在第二种方式,在父组件中:
<Demo ref="demo"/> ...... mounted() { this.$refs.xxx.$on('atguigu',this.test) }1
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5若想让自定义事件值触发一次,可以使用
once修饰符,或$once方法
触发自定义事件:
this.$emit('atguitu',数据)解绑自定义事件
this.$off('atguigu')组件上也可以绑定原生DOM事件,需要使用
native修饰符注意:通过
this.$refs.xxx.$on('atguigu',回调)绑定自定义事件时,回调要么配置在methods中,要么用箭头函数,否则this指向会出问题!
# App.vue
<template>
<div class="app">
<h1>{{ msg }},学生姓名是{{ studentName }}</h1>
<!--🔴 通过父组件给子组件传递函数类型的props实现:子给父传递数据 -->
<School :getSchoolName="getSchoolName"></School>
<!--🔴 通过父组件给子组件绑定一个自定义事件实现:子给父传递数据(第一种写法:使用 @ 或 v-on) -->
<!-- <Student :getStudentName="getStudentName" @demo="m1"></Student> -->
<!--🔴 通过父组件给子组件绑定一个自定义事件实现:子给父传递数据 (第二种写法:使用ref) -->
<Student ref="student" @click.native="show"></Student>
<!--🔴 native-->
</div>
</template>
<script>
import School from './components/School.vue'
import Student from './components/Student.vue'
export default {
name: 'App',
data() {
return {
msg: '你好啊',
studentName: ''
}
},
components: {
Student,
School
},
mounted() {
setTimeout(() => {
// this.$refs.student.$on('boluo', this.getStudentName) // 绑定自定义事件
// this.$refs.student.$once('boluo', this.getStudentName) // 一次性事件
}, 3000)
},
methods: {
show() {
alert(123)
},
getSchoolName(name) {
console.log('App收到了学校名', name)
},
getStudentName(name, ...params) {
console.log('App收到了学生名', name, params)
this.studentName = name
},
m1() {
console.log('demo事件被触发了')
}
}
}
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped>
.app {
background-color: gray;
padding: 5px;
}
</style>
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# Student.vue
<template>
<div class="student">
<h2>学生姓名:{{ name }}</h2>
<h2>学生性别:{{ sex }}</h2>
<h2>当前求和为:{{ number }}</h2>
<button @click="add">点我number++</button>
<button @click="sendStudentName">把学生名给App</button>
<button @click="unbind">解绑boluo事件</button>
<button @click="death">销毁当前Student组件的实例</button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'School',
data() {
return {
name: '张三',
sex: '男',
number: 0
}
},
mounted() {},
methods: {
add() {
console.log('add回调被调用了')
this.number++
},
sendStudentName() {
// 触发 Student组件实例身上的事件
this.$emit('boluo', this.name, '666', '888')
// this.$emit('demo')
},
unbind() {
this.$off('boluo') // 解绑一个自定义事件
// this.$off(['boluo', 'demo']) 解绑所有的事件
},
death() {
this.$destroy() // 销毁了当前Student组件实例 销毁后所有Student实例的自定义事件全部不奏效了
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.student {
background-color: pink;
padding: 5px;
margin-top: 30px;
}
</style>
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# School.vue
<template>
<div class="school">
<h2>学校名称:{{ name }}</h2>
<h2>学校名称:{{ address }}</h2>
<button @click="sendSchoolName">把学校名给App</button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'School',
data() {
return {
name: 'ETC',
address: '武汉'
}
},
props: ['getSchoolName'],
mounted() {},
methods: {
sendSchoolName() {
this.getSchoolName(this.name)
}
}
}
</script>
<style>
.school {
background-color: skyblue;
padding: 5px;
}
</style>
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# Todo-List 自定义事件
# App.vue
<template>
<div>
<div id="root">
<div class="todo-container">
<div class="todo-wrap">
<MyHeader @addTodo="addTodo"></MyHeader>
<MyList :deleteTodo="deleteTodo" :checkTodo="checkTodo" :todos="todos"></MyList>
<!-- 🔴 -->
<MyFooter @clearAllTodo="clearAllTodo" v-if="todos.length > 0" @fullCheck="fullCheck" :todos="todos"></MyFooter>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import MyHeader from './components/MyHeader'
import MyFooter from './components/MyFooter'
import MyList from './components/MyList'
export default {
name: 'App',
watch: {
todos: {
deep: true,
handler(value) {
localStorage.setItem('todos', JSON.stringify(value))
}
}
},
data() {
return {
// 由于 todos 是 MyHeader组件和MyFooter组件都在使用 所以放在 App 中 (状态提升)
todos: JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('todos')) || []
}
},
components: {
MyHeader,
MyFooter,
MyList
},
mounted() {},
methods: {
// 添加一个 todo
addTodo(todoObj) {
this.todos.unshift(todoObj)
},
// 勾选 or 取消勾选 todo
checkTodo(id) {
this.todos.some(todo => {
if (todo.id == id) {
todo.done = !todo.done
console.log(todo)
}
})
},
// 删除一个todo
deleteTodo(id) {
this.todos = this.todos.filter(todo => {
return todo.id !== id
})
},
// 全选 or 取消全选
fullCheck(done) {
this.todos.forEach(todo => {
todo.done = done
})
},
// 清除所有已经完成的todo
clearAllTodo() {
this.todos = this.todos.filter(todo => !todo.done)
}
}
}
</script>
<style lang="less">
/*base*/
body {
background: #fff;
}
.btn {
display: inline-block;
padding: 4px 12px;
margin-bottom: 0;
font-size: 14px;
line-height: 20px;
text-align: center;
vertical-align: middle;
cursor: pointer;
box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
border-radius: 4px;
}
.btn-danger {
color: #fff;
background-color: #da4f49;
border: 1px solid #bd362f;
}
.btn-danger:hover {
color: #fff;
background-color: #bd362f;
}
.btn:focus {
outline: none;
}
.todo-container {
width: 600px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.todo-container .todo-wrap {
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 5px;
}
</style>
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# MyFooter.vue
<template>
<div>
<div class="todo-footer">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" v-model="isAll" />
</label>
<span>
<span>已完成{{ doneTotal }}</span> / 全部{{ todos.length }}
</span>
<button class="btn btn-danger" @click="clearTodos">清除已完成任务</button>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'MyFooter',
computed: {
doneTotal() {
return this.todos.filter(todo => todo.done).length
},
isAll: {
get() {
return this.todos.every(todo => todo.done == true) && this.todos.length > 0
},
set(value) {
this.$emit('fullCheck', value)
}
}
},
data() {
return {
isfull: false
}
},
props: ['todos'],
mounted() {},
methods: {
clearTodos() {
if (confirm('确定清空吗')) {
this.$emit('clearAllTodo')
}
}
}
}
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped>
/*footer*/
.todo-footer {
height: 40px;
line-height: 40px;
padding-left: 6px;
margin-top: 5px;
}
.todo-footer label {
display: inline-block;
margin-right: 20px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.todo-footer label input {
position: relative;
top: -1px;
vertical-align: middle;
margin-right: 5px;
}
.todo-footer button {
float: right;
margin-top: 5px;
}
</style>
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# MyHeader.vue
<template>
<div>
<div class="todo-header">
<input type="text" placeholder="请输入你的任务名称,按回车键确认" v-model="title" @keyup.enter="add" />
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import { nanoid } from 'nanoid'
export default {
name: 'MyHeader',
data() {
return {
title: ''
}
},
mounted() {},
methods: {
add() {
// 校验数据
if (!this.title.trim()) return alert('输入不能为空')
// 将用户的输入包装成一个todo对象
const todoObj = { id: nanoid(), title: this.title.trim(), done: false }
// 通知App组件去添加一个 todo 对象
this.$emit('addTodo', todoObj)
// 清空输入
this.title = ''
}
}
}
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped>
/*header*/
.todo-header input {
width: 560px;
height: 28px;
font-size: 14px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 4px 7px;
}
.todo-header input:focus {
outline: none;
border-color: rgba(82, 168, 236, 0.8);
box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 8px rgba(82, 168, 236, 0.6);
}
</style>
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